barrier

nouns

a structure or object that impedes free movement
is a type of (narrower)
any structure that makes progress difficult
any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective
"intolerance is a barrier to understanding"
anything serving to maintain separation by obstructing vision or access
is a type of (narrower)
a natural object resembling a machine in structure or function
"the mechanism of the ear"; "the mechanism of infection"